Jordan is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Jordan is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the east, Saudi Arabia to the south, and both Israel and Palestine (West Bank) to the west. The Jordan River, flowing into the Dead Sea, is located along the country's western border within the Jordan Rift Valley. Jordan has a small coastline along the Red Sea in its southwest, separated by the Gulf of Aqaba from Egypt. Amman is the country's capital and largest city, as well as the most populous city in the Levant.
Inhabited by humans since the Paleolithic period, three kingdoms developed in Transjordan during the Iron Age: Ammon, Moab and Edom. In the third century BC, the Arab Nabataeans established their kingdom centered in Petra. The Greco-Roman period saw the establishment of several cities in Transjordan that comprised the Decapolis. After the end of Byzantine rule, the region became part of the Islamic caliphates of the Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and the Ottoman. Following the 1916 Great Arab Revolt during World War I, former Ottoman Syria was partitioned, leading to the establishment of the Emirate of Transjordan in 1921, which became a British protectorate. In 1946, Jordan gained independence and became officially known as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Jordan captured and annexed the West Bank during the 1948 Palestine war until it was occupied by Israel in 1967. Jordan renounced its claim to the territory to the Palestinians in 1988 and signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1994.
Jordan is a semi-arid country, covering an area of 89,342 km2 (34,495 sq mi) with a population of 11.5 million, making it the eleventh-most populous Arab country. The dominant majority, or around 95% of the country's population, is Sunni Muslim, with the rest being mostly Arab Christian. Jordan was mostly unscathed by the violence that swept the region following the Arab Spring in 2010. From as early as 1948, Jordan has accepted refugees from multiple neighbouring countries in conflict. An estimated 2.1 million Palestinian refugees, most of whom hold Jordanian citizenship, as well as 1.4 million Syrian refugees, were residing in Jordan in 2015. The kingdom is also a refuge for thousands of Christian Iraqis fleeing persecution. While Jordan continues to accept refugees, the large Syrian influx during the 2010s has placed substantial strain on national resources and infrastructure.
The sovereign state is a constitutional monarchy, but the king holds wide executive and legislative powers. Jordan is a founding member of the Arab League and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. Jordan has a high Human Development Index, ranking 100th, and is considered a lower middle income economy. The Jordanian economy, one of the smallest economies in the region, is attractive to foreign investors based upon a skilled workforce.Jordan is a major tourist destination, also attracting medical tourism with its well-developed health sector. Nonetheless, a lack of natural resources, large flow of refugees, and regional turmoil have hampered economic growth.
Face value | Family number | English name | Scientific name
1964.01
18.12.1964
Birds
150f
147
Gorgeous Bushshrike Telophorus viridis
500f
78
Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus
1000f
90
Grey-headed Kingfisher Halcyon leucocephala
1968.01
05.10.1968
Game protection
9v set
5f
240
European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis
10f
13
Chukar Partridge Alectoris chukar
15f
1
Common Ostrich Struthio camelus
20f
13
Sand Partridge Ammoperdix heyi
50f
23
Asian Houbara Chlamydotis macqueenii
100f
8
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
1970.01
01.09.1970
Birds
120f
227
White-crowned Wheatear Oenanthe leucopyga
180f
167
Masked Shrike Lanius nubicus
200f
231
Palestine Sunbird Cinnyris osea
1987.01
24.06.1987
Birds
10f
84
Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops
40f
231
Palestine Sunbird Cinnyris osea
50f
243
Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala
60f
43
Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus
80f
240
European Greenfinch Chloris chloris
100f
42
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus
1988.01
21.07.1988
Birds
10f
188
Crested Lark Galerida cristata
20f
37
Eurasian Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus
30f
227
Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus
40f
226
Common Blackbird Turdus merula
50f
27
Rock Dove Columba livia
160f
90
White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis
1988.02
21.07.1988
Birds
Sheet with 6 designs, imp
1988.01
310f
188
Crested Lark Galerida cristata
and
37
Eurasian Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus
and
227
Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus
and
226
Common Blackbird Turdus merula
and
27
Rock Dove Columba livia
and
90
White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis
1996.01
16.09.1996
Protect our earth
100f
90
Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis
1997.01
25.05.1997
The Jordanian Rose Finch
50f
240
Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus
100f
240
Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus
= 50f
150f
240
Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus
= 50f
200f
240
Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus
= 50f
2000.01
28.09.2000
Conservation of nature
6v booklet
50f
27
European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur
2002.01
18.07.2002
Migratory birds
100f
240
European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis
200f
227
Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas galactotes
300f
64
White Stork Ciconia ciconia
2002.02
18.07.2002
Migratory birds
Sheet with 4 designs, imp
200f
162
Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus
and
78
Eurasian Goshawk Astur gentilis
and
243
Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana
and
84
Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops
2003.01
09.12.2003
Birds of prey
100f
78
Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga
200f
104
Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
300f
78
Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus
2003.02
09.12.2003
Birds of prey
200f
77
Osprey Pandion haliaetus
imp
2009.01
01.02.2009
Birds
10p
8
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
15p
104
Saker Falcon Falco cherrug
20p
51
Cream-colored Courser Cursorius cursor
30p
231
Palestine Sunbird Cinnyris osea
40p
84
Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops
50p
13
Black Francolin Francolinus francolinus
60p
93
Arabian Green Bee-eater Merops cyanophrys
80p
240
Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus
2009.02
01.02.2009
Birds
50p
90
Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis
imp
2009.03
20.12.2009
Surcharge on 1970.01
80p
227
White-crowned Wheatear Oenanthe leucopyga
80p
167
Masked Shrike Lanius nubicus
80p
231
Palestine Sunbird Cinnyris osea
2012.01
23.01.2012
Preserve the polar regions and glaciers
2v sheet
80p
59
Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua
2014.01
09.02.2014
Migratory birds
20p
32
Grey Crowned Crane Balearica regulorum
20p
73
Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus
20p
8
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
20p
227
Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis
20p
78
Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
20p
204
Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla
20p
93
European Bee-eater Merops apiaster
20p
69
Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus
2017.01
13.10.2017
Birds native to Jordan
Sheet
30p
27
Rock Dove Columba livia
30p
240
European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis
30p
78
Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus
30p
226
Common Blackbird Turdus merula
30p
13
Chukar Partridge Alectoris chukar
30p
240
Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus
2023.01
08.03.2023
Migratory birds
Sheet
30p
78
Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus
30p
78
Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis
30p
52
Slender-billed Gull Chroicocephalus genei
30p
70
Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
30p
73
Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus
30p
35
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus
30p
70
Little Egret Egretta garzetta
30p
49
Little Stint Calidris minuta
Philately has been considered as an "auxiliary science of history" because it is based on the general principles of other sciences, which in turn contribute to enrich it. It acquires knowledge of the sciences, of the arts, of languages and opens an immense road of social relations through all countries. This science broadens broad horizons of culture, discovers artistic temperaments and offers the interest of the new and the unknown, while performing a positive therapeutic wor.
