For much of its existence, British Somaliland was bordered by French Somaliland, Ethiopia, and Italian Somaliland. From 1940 to 1941, it was occupied by the Italians and was part of Italian East Africa.
The protectorate briefly obtained independence on July 1, 1960 as the State of Somaliland before uniting as scheduled later the same week with the Trust Territory of Somalia (the former Italian Somaliland) to form the Somali Republic.
The government of Somaliland, a self-declared sovereign state that is internationally recognised as an autonomous region of Somalia,regards the territory as the successor state to the State of Somaliland.
The capital, Honiara, is located on the island of Guadalcanal.
The British garrisoned the protectorate from Aden and administered it from their British India colony until 1898. British Somaliland was then administered by the Foreign Office until 1905 and afterwards by the Colonial Office. Generally, the British did not have much interest in the resource-barren region.
The stated purposes of the establishment of the protectorate were to "secure a supply market, check the traffic in slaves, and to exclude the interference of foreign powers."
The British principally viewed the protectorate as a source for supplies of meat for their British Indian outpost in Aden through the maintenance of order in the coastal areas and protection of the caravan routes from the interior.
Hence, the region's nickname of "Aden's butcher's shop".
Colonial administration during this period did not extend administrative infrastructure beyond the coast, and contrasted with the more interventionist colonial experience of Italian Somaliland.
| 1953.01 | 15.09.1953 | Definitives |
| 35c | 70 | Somali Pigeon Columba oliviae | |
| 50c | 37 | Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus | |
| 2s | 70 | Somali Pigeon Columba oliviae | = 35c |
| 5s | 37 | Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus | = 50c |
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